ServiceNew York City
NYC preconstruction documentation
DOB complianceTime-stamped
Pre-construction surveys, New York

Pre-construction
surveys
in /New York.

A preconstruction survey records the condition of the buildings next to your site before the dig starts. We shoot the exteriors, the party walls, and every interior an adjoining owner grants access to, geotagged and timestamped at capture, across the five boroughs. It's the documentation NYC Building Code 3309.4.3 calls for before an excavation near a neighbor begins, and the record that dates a crack when a claim lands.

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Section 01What it's

A baseline record of existing conditions, before the first permit is pulled.

Adjacent properties.
Documented and archived.

A preconstruction survey is a dated record of the existing condition of a construction site and the buildings next to it, captured before any work starts. High-resolution photographs, measured notes on existing defects, and a time-stamped report held on file for the life of the project.

Construction work moves the ground, the walls, and the buildings next door. When a neighbor files a claim for property damage, the question is always the same: what condition was the structure in before the project started? The record is what answers it. We document the existing state of the construction site and adjacent properties, then archive the report for the duration of the project. If a dispute arises, that archive is the baseline comparison that settles it.

The same deliverable travels under several names. A building condition survey before construction, a dilapidation survey, an existing-conditions survey, a pre construction photographic survey: all of them describe a dated photographic record of adjoining property, taken before work begins. New York's Building Code writes it as one word, preconstruction survey, in Section 3309.4.3, and that's the term a DOB reviewer and an engineer of record will use.

Section 02Why it matters in New York

New York City code expects the documentation. We produce it.

Excavation. Underpinning.
Pile driving.
01

DOB and code context.

New York City Building Code Section 3309.4.3 is the trigger that applies to any excavation near a neighbor: no excavation 5 to 10 feet deep within 10 feet of an adjacent building, and no excavation over 10 feet anywhere on the site, may begin until the existing conditions of all adjacent buildings are documented in a preconstruction survey. Section 3309.4.4 adds monitoring once the work is underway, and TPPN 10/88 extends documentation to landmark buildings within 90 feet of certain excavation and foundation work. Where monitoring applies, Section 3309.16 calls for a written plan from a registered design professional covering device locations, reading frequency, tolerances, and what happens when a tolerance is exceeded. Our photographic record is the baseline those instrument readings get compared against.

02

Claims defense mechanism.

A time-stamped record of existing defects and structural settlement is a direct form of risk mitigation. It protects the property owner and contractor against construction-related damage claims that predate the project, and gives counsel a documented baseline if a dispute reaches litigation.

03

Community relations.

Surveying adjacent properties before work begins sets expectations with neighboring property owners and keeps a project on good terms with the block it sits on.

Section 03What the report includes

Photographs, notes, and a record you can stand behind.

Interior and exterior.
Existing conditions on file.
Pre-construction documentation tour · New York City
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Section 04Who needs one

If your work can move the building next door, the survey is on you.

Contractors. Developers.
Owners and engineers.
01

General contractors.

Document existing conditions on adjacent properties before breaking ground, and hold a baseline comparison that defends against property damage claims tied to the construction site.

02

Real estate developers.

Carry a record of neighboring structures across a construction project. Existing defects are documented up front, so a late damage claim meets a time-stamped answer.

03

Property owners and managers.

Whether you own the construction site or a building next to one, a survey of existing conditions protects your position if structural settlement or other damage is later claimed.

04

Architects and engineers.

A measured record of adjacent buildings supports the design and the permit file, and gives the project team a documented starting point for the structures around the work.

05

Municipalities and stakeholders.

Public agencies and community stakeholders rely on existing-conditions records to set expectations with neighboring property owners before work near occupied buildings begins.

Section 05Our process, step by step

Consultation, documentation, reporting, and support.

Four steps.
One archived record.
Step 01

Consultation.

We review the construction project, the site, and the adjacent properties in scope. Excavation, underpinning, or pile driving sets how far the survey reaches into neighboring structures, and any monitoring plan already drafted for the job sets which adjacent property has to be covered.

Step 02

Documentation.

On site, we capture high-resolution photographs, video, and 360 virtual tours of interior and exterior existing conditions, with measured notes on existing defects and structural settlement.

Step 03

Reporting.

We compile a written report with the photographs, notes, and time stamps organized for permit files. This is the baseline comparison set, ready to use as a claims defense mechanism.

Step 04

Support.

We archive the record for the project and stay available afterward. For long jobs we can return for crack monitoring on adjacent structures, so movement is tracked over time. If a damage claim or a dispute arises, the documented existing conditions are on file and ready to reference.

Staircase construction progress · New York
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Section 06Common questions

Pre-construction surveys, answered.

Project-specific question?
Send the details.
What is a pre-construction survey?

A documented record of the existing condition of a property and its adjacent buildings before construction begins. It uses high-resolution photographs and measured notes to capture existing defects and structural conditions, creating a time-stamped baseline for comparison if damage is later claimed.

Why is it required in New York City?

New York City Building Code Section 3309.4.3 requires a preconstruction survey before excavation 5 to 10 feet deep within 10 feet of an adjacent property, and before any excavation over 10 feet deep anywhere on the site. Section 3309.4.4 adds monitoring during the work, and TPPN 10/88 extends documentation to landmark buildings within 90 feet. The survey establishes the condition of neighboring structures before work begins.

What does the report include?

High-resolution photographs of interior and exterior conditions, each geotagged and timestamped at capture, documentation of existing defects and structural settlement, notes on adjacent structures, and a time-stamped report archived for the duration of the project.

How much does a pre-construction survey cost?

Surveys are quoted per project. Scope depends on the size of the site, the number of adjacent properties, and access. Send the project details through the form and we return a quote, typically within two business hours.

How long does a pre-construction survey take?

Timing has two parts. The site work is scoped by the number of adjoining properties and how much interior access their owners grant, so a single attached rowhouse and a mid-block site with four neighbors are different jobs. The compiled report follows the site work, and we confirm the delivery window with the quote. The date that isn't flexible is the outside one: the record has to exist before the trigger work begins, which is why most teams schedule the survey alongside permit finalization instead of at mobilization.

Who orders a pre-construction survey?

General contractors, real estate developers, property owners and managers, and architects and engineers. In most cases the party responsible for the construction project orders the survey to document existing conditions on neighboring properties and limit exposure to damage claims.

Do you survey adjacent properties, not just the site?

Yes. The survey covers the construction site and every adjacent property within the affected zone, including shared party walls and neighboring structures. Documenting existing defects on an adjacent property is the part of the record that defends against property damage claims.

What if the adjoining owner refuses access?

Interiors need permission, and permission is a legal question before it's a scheduling one. Building Code Section 3309.1.1 covers the advance notice a project owes an adjoining owner when the work will require access to their property. If notice doesn't produce agreement, RPAPL 881 lets the project petition the court for a license to enter, and the statute's current text names preconstruction surveys and the installation, inspection and removal of vibration, crack and optical monitoring devices among the qualifying purposes. Whether to go that route is a call for your counsel. Where access is limited or refused, our report records which areas were not reached and on what date.

Is a building condition survey before construction the same thing?

Yes. Building condition survey before construction, dilapidation survey, existing-conditions survey and pre construction photographic survey all describe the same deliverable: a dated, geotagged photographic record of the adjoining property around a site, captured before work begins. Engineers in some markets use one term, insurers another. New York's Building Code writes it as one word, preconstruction survey, in Section 3309.4.3, and that's the term a DOB reviewer or an engineer of record will use.

Do you need the building plans before the survey?

Not to shoot it, but they change what gets shot. The support-of-excavation drawings and the affected-zone plans tell us which neighbors sit inside the zone, how deep the dig goes, and where a monitoring plan puts its devices, so the coverage list is built from those instead of from a walk around the block. Send whatever is settled when you request the quote and we'll scope from that. The survey itself has to be complete before the trigger work starts, so it doesn't wait on a fully approved set.

How long do you keep the report?

We archive the time-stamped report for the duration of the project and keep it on file beyond closeout, since damage claims can surface after the work is finished. The record stays available as a claims defense mechanism for as long as you need it.

Section 07Getting into the building next door

The survey is only as complete as the access you're granted.

Notice. License agreements.
RPAPL 881.

Settlement shows on interior plaster and trim before it shows on a facade, so the insides of the adjoining buildings are usually the part of a preconstruction survey that decides a claim. Getting into them is a permission problem before it's a photography problem, and it's the piece most schedules underestimate.

New York handles permission in two places. Building Code Section 3309.1.1 covers the advance notice a project owes an adjoining owner when the work will require access to their property. When notice doesn't produce agreement, RPAPL 881 lets the project petition the court for a license to enter, and the statute's current text names preconstruction surveys, along with the installation, maintenance, inspection, repair, replacement and removal of vibration, crack and optical monitoring devices, among the purposes that qualify. Whether either one applies to your scope is a call for your counsel, your design team, and your filing representative.

The practical consequence is calendar, not case law. A neighbor who says no two weeks before mobilization is a delay on the critical path. The same no, found while the permit is still being finalized, is a letter and a license agreement. That's why we build the access list off the support-of-excavation drawings and the affected-zone plans, early, and coordinate the visits with neighboring owners as part of the survey. Where access is limited or refused, the report says which areas were not reached and on what date, because a record that quietly skips a room reads later as a record that examined it.

Section 08When a survey is required

Certain work triggers documentation under NYC DOB and building code.

Excavation. Demolition.
Landmarks and party walls.

If you're unsure whether your project triggers a survey, send the scope. We document existing conditions either way, and a record taken before work begins is the part that protects you. Two surveys often run on one job: the preconstruction survey before the trigger work, and a closeout survey set against that same baseline afterward. Where a monitoring plan is running under the New York City Building Code, each adjacent property ends up with a photographic baseline and a monitoring record sitting side by side, indexed the same way, so one wall can be found in both. Many projects also order a post construction survey at closeout, so the closeout conditions can be set against the preconstruction baseline, and longer builds keep construction progress photography running in between. The regulatory side is covered in plain English in our guide to NYC pre construction survey requirements.

One boundary worth stating plainly: we produce the photographic documentation. We aren't a licensed engineering firm, we don't seal reports, and we don't file with the DOB. When a project's monitoring plan is run by an engineer of record, our documentation is built to slot into that engineer's report, and general contractors often bring us in exactly that way.

Request a quote

Send the project.
We'll send a quote.

Site address, scope, and number of adjacent properties. We return a quote, usually within two business hours.

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Related: New York real estate photography · 360 virtual tours · commercial real estate photography

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